
“If a mouth or an eye becomes damaged, one is to compensate with 12 shillings”, exhorts the Textus Roffensis, a 12th century manuscript containing the only surviving copy of the oldest law in English.
The four front teeth, meanwhile, are worth six shillings apiece, while “if one strikes off a thumb, 20 shillings”.

“The Textus Roffensis is truly a unique manuscript: it predates the Magna Carta by almost 100 years, contains the only copy of the oldest set of laws in English, and was penned by an English scribe within 60 years of the Norman conquest. That it is being made accessible to the public is worth shouting about, and is a tribute to all those involved with the project”, said Dr. Chris Monk.
The book, about the size of a hardback novel, features, said Monk, an excommunication curse with an obscenity, the only copy of William the Conqueror’s law of trial by combat used to settle disputes between Englishmen and Frenchmen, and a “pseudo-religious, magical charm for the recovery of stolen livestock sandwiched between a law on betrothal and a law on bequeathing property”.
Nice to know how much one’s teeth are worth. I should tell my dentist she’s been totally overcharging me. Hopefully she doesn’t do the math and adjust for inflation.
By some legal guys and monks in the 12th century, available digitally at John Rylands University Library Image Collections via The Guardian for the full article.
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